PERIODIC TABLE
HISTORY -1 →
1). On the basis of mass -
Was the first time elements arranged (in periodic table ). Arrange on the period mass.
Drawback according mass
1) there are so many elements mass which have same atomic mass but different in a - (a) Groups, (b) Sub - group, (c) Period and (d) Block
Conclusion to above →
According to the mass periodic table will be not arranged.
2) On the basis of atomic number
Proposed by - Mosley (1911)
Statements = In 1911 Mosley and Mosley in his X - Rays experiment elementary showed that atomic number is the most fundamental characteristics of an atom he also absorbed a relation between atomic number the frequency of X - Ray products by the element.
√u = a ( z - b ) or u = A ( z - b )2
On the basis of this facts the modern periodic table law was give as follows
The physical and chemical properties of and elements are periodic function of there atomic number.
Conclusion to above →
According to atomic number we determined -
a) Group
b) Sub - Group
c) period
d) Block
d) physical and chemical properties
According to this law the modern long from periodic table
3) this table was suggested by kajge (1893).
4) This table was improved by Warner (1905).
5) The modern periodic table modified by Bury (1921).
Cause of periodicity
In the periodic table the similar elements are repeated after regular interval these are 2,8,8,18,18 and 32 which are also called magic number.
The causes of periodicity due to the repetition of similar electronic configuration regular. This elements with similar electronic configuration have similar properties.
Final conclusion to above →
1) All periodic table will be based on electronic configuration.
All Elements
↓
Present = In a periodic table
↓
Causes = similar electronic configuration
↓
Causes = Atomic Number.
MODERN - LONG FROM PERIODIC TABLE
Known as = Bohr's periodic table
↓
Taken from = Mendeleev
Statementsn = All element in this periodic table which are arranged in to forms such as which are horizontal rows and vertical colom.
Conclusion to above →
A Horizontal rows
↓
Called = Period
vertical colom.
↓
Called = Group.
POINTS
(1) Group = 1 - 18 ( A and B )
(2) Total number of Group = 1 - 16 or = 1 - 18
(3) Normal elements in groups = iA, ⅱA, ⅲA, ⅳA, ⅴA, ⅵA, ⅶA
(4) ⅷA = Zero group elements or inert gas element.
Causes = Never lost and gain of electron.
(5) Transition elements such as - ⅲB, ⅳB, ⅴB, ⅵB, ⅶB, and ⅷB, iB & ⅱB
2) Horizontal rows = Called - Period.
Point -
Total number of Period - 7 or (1- 7)
Total electron in orbit Total element Period Strength of period
1s2 2 1st Shortes P
2s2 → 2p6 8 2nd Short P
3s2 → 3p6 8 3rd Short P
4s2 → 3d10 → 4p6 18 4th Long - P
5s2 → 4d10 → 5p6 18 5th Long - P
6s2 →4f14 → 5d10 →(6)p6 32 6th Longest
7s2 →5f14 →6d →7p0 18 (Incomplete) 7th Incomplete
Different parts of modern long from periodic table
All elements which are taken in four parts
Sense ------- (1) Left Portion
(2) Right Portion
(3) Middle Portion
(4) Bellow Portion
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