HEARD METAL
Also known as = Transition metal
Tendency = To give or lost of electron but not easily
Definition
The substance which having tendency lost or to gives of electron but not easily so such substance is called hard metal.
Fact →
Hard metal defined as →
(1) Tendency = lost of electron
(2) Tendency = to lost of electron but not easily
(3) Tendency = To give of electron but not easily
(4) All ✅
(5) None
Exception Case of Transition metal
Cu, Zn, Cd, Hg,
Alert →
Limitation of lost of electron
= 1 - More but in a d - sub shell
Identification
(1) In case of d - block
Variation of lost of electron
Based on = (a) Size of an atom
(b) Valence electron of an atom
⇨ Above both are depends upon = (a) In a group (b) In a Periodic table
Increases = a lost of electron in a group based on size of an atom
Relation →
Relation of lost of electron with the size
Ans = Directly proportional
Conclusion to above
lost of electron in a d - block ∝ size of an atom
Example
3 B
Sc
V
La
Ac
Arrange in order
Ac > La > V > Sc
(B) lost of electron in a Periodic table
Based on = Valence electron - increases
Relation = Relation of lost of electron with the Valence electron
→ First decreases then increases and then decreases.
Example →
Lost of electron ⇨ d1, d2, d3, d5, d5, d6, d7, d8, d10, d10,
1 = 2, = 3 = 6, 7,0,5,4,1,2
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